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voluntary principle

  • 1 принцип добровольности

    1) General subject: voluntarism (службы в армии и т. п.), voluntaryism (службы в армии и т. п.)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > принцип добровольности

  • 2 jubilación

    f.
    1 retirement, superannuation, pension.
    2 retirement pay, old-age pension, retirement pension, retired pay.
    * * *
    1 (acción) retirement
    2 (dinero) pension
    \
    jubilación anticipada early retirement
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=acción) retirement
    2) (=pensión) retirement pension
    * * *
    femenino ( retiro) retirement; ( pensión) pension
    * * *
    = retirement, superannuation, old-age pension, pension.
    Ex. From 1960 until his retirement in 1970, he served in the new library school at UCLA as Professor of Cataloging and Classification.
    Ex. Local authorities would be affected by measures concerned with ensuring the application of the principle of equal opportunities in terms of pensions and superannuation.
    Ex. Although the age for receiving old-age pension is 65 years, an individual can decide to bring it forward to a maximum of 5 years.
    Ex. Such libraries now offer advice on benefits, employment, careers, housing, pensions, consumer affairs and other similar matters, or put people in touch with other sources.
    ----
    * edad de jubilación = retirement age.
    * en vías de jubilación = retiring.
    * jubilación anticipada = early retirement.
    * jubilación temprana = early retirement.
    * plan de jubilación = pension plan, retirement plan.
    * plan para después de la jubilación = retirement plan.
    * seguro de jubilación = retirement fund, retirement plan.
    * * *
    femenino ( retiro) retirement; ( pensión) pension
    * * *
    = retirement, superannuation, old-age pension, pension.

    Ex: From 1960 until his retirement in 1970, he served in the new library school at UCLA as Professor of Cataloging and Classification.

    Ex: Local authorities would be affected by measures concerned with ensuring the application of the principle of equal opportunities in terms of pensions and superannuation.
    Ex: Although the age for receiving old-age pension is 65 years, an individual can decide to bring it forward to a maximum of 5 years.
    Ex: Such libraries now offer advice on benefits, employment, careers, housing, pensions, consumer affairs and other similar matters, or put people in touch with other sources.
    * edad de jubilación = retirement age.
    * en vías de jubilación = retiring.
    * jubilación anticipada = early retirement.
    * jubilación temprana = early retirement.
    * plan de jubilación = pension plan, retirement plan.
    * plan para después de la jubilación = retirement plan.
    * seguro de jubilación = retirement fund, retirement plan.

    * * *
    1 (retiro) retirement
    2 (pensión) pension
    Compuestos:
    early retirement
    compulsory retirement
    semiretirement
    voluntary retirement
    * * *

    jubilación sustantivo femenino ( retiro) retirement;
    ( pensión) pension;
    ◊ jubilación anticipada/forzosa early/compulsory retirement

    jubilación sustantivo femenino
    1 (retirada del trabajo) retirement
    jubilación anticipada, early retirement
    2 (pensión) pension

    ' jubilación' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    anticipada
    - anticipado
    - plan
    - forzoso
    - retiro
    English:
    golden years
    - occasion
    - pension
    - pension plan
    - retirement
    - retirement benefits
    - retirement plan
    - early
    * * *
    1. [retiro] retirement
    jubilación anticipada early retirement;
    jubilación forzosa compulsory retirement;
    jubilación voluntaria voluntary retirement
    2. [pensión] pension
    * * *
    f retirement
    * * *
    1) : retirement
    2) pensión: pension
    * * *
    1. (acto) retirement
    2. (dinero) pension

    Spanish-English dictionary > jubilación

  • 3 infringir

    v.
    to infringe, to break.
    El ladrón quebrantó la ley The thief infringed the law.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ DIRIGIR], like link=dirigir dirigir
    1 (gen) to infringe; (ley) to break
    * * *
    verb
    to infringe, break
    * * *
    VT to infringe, contravene
    * * *
    verbo transitivo to infringe, break
    * * *
    = be in violation of, breach, violate, infringe (on/upon), transgress.
    Ex. A 'self-help' approach, whereby libraries cooperate to boycott periodical publishers who are considered to be culpable, may also be in violation of antitrust legislation.
    Ex. He defends the right to breach voluntary codes of practice so long as they are within the laws passed by country, state and city.
    Ex. Women who self-promote may suffer social reprisals for violating gender prescriptions to be modest.
    Ex. The Act undoubtedly has the potential to infringe gravely upon the civil liberties of UK citizens.
    Ex. But it is Islam's strict code of sexual modesty that Islamists most often transgress.
    ----
    * infringir la confidencialidad = breach + confidentiality.
    * infringir la ley = break + the law.
    * infringir una ley = infringe + law, violate + law, breach + law, be in breach of + law.
    * infringir una norma = infringe + standard, violate + rule, violate + regulation, break + rules.
    * infringir una regla = violate + rule.
    * infringir un derecho = infringe + right, violate + right.
    * infringir un principio = violate + principle.
    * no infringir las leyes = stay on + the right side of the law, keep on + the right side of the law.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo to infringe, break
    * * *
    = be in violation of, breach, violate, infringe (on/upon), transgress.

    Ex: A 'self-help' approach, whereby libraries cooperate to boycott periodical publishers who are considered to be culpable, may also be in violation of antitrust legislation.

    Ex: He defends the right to breach voluntary codes of practice so long as they are within the laws passed by country, state and city.
    Ex: Women who self-promote may suffer social reprisals for violating gender prescriptions to be modest.
    Ex: The Act undoubtedly has the potential to infringe gravely upon the civil liberties of UK citizens.
    Ex: But it is Islam's strict code of sexual modesty that Islamists most often transgress.
    * infringir la confidencialidad = breach + confidentiality.
    * infringir la ley = break + the law.
    * infringir una ley = infringe + law, violate + law, breach + law, be in breach of + law.
    * infringir una norma = infringe + standard, violate + rule, violate + regulation, break + rules.
    * infringir una regla = violate + rule.
    * infringir un derecho = infringe + right, violate + right.
    * infringir un principio = violate + principle.
    * no infringir las leyes = stay on + the right side of the law, keep on + the right side of the law.

    * * *
    infringir [I7 ]
    vt
    to infringe, break
    * * *

    infringir ( conjugate infringir) verbo transitivo
    to infringe, break
    infringir verbo transitivo to infringe
    infringir una ley, to break a law
    ' infringir' also found in these entries:
    English:
    infringe
    - law
    - violate
    - breach
    - break
    - offend
    * * *
    [quebrantar] to infringe, to break
    * * *
    v/t JUR infringe, violate
    * * *
    infringir {35} vt
    : to infringe, to breach
    * * *
    infringir vb (ley) to break [pt. broke; pp. broken]

    Spanish-English dictionary > infringir

  • 4 violar

    v.
    1 to violate, to infringe (ley, derechos).
    Ella viola la ley She violates the law.
    Ellos violaron a Rosa They raped Rosa.
    2 to rape (person).
    * * *
    1 (transgredir) to violate, infringe
    2 (lugar) to violate, trespass; (tumba) to desecrate
    3 (persona) to rape
    * * *
    verb
    2) rape
    * * *
    VT
    1) [+ persona] to rape
    2) [+ ley] to break, infringe frm; [+ acuerdo, principio] to violate, breach; [+ derecho, territorio] to violate; [+ domicilio] to break into, force entry into
    3) (=profanar) to violate
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) < persona> to rape
    b) < ley> to violate, break; <tratado/derecho> to violate; < templo> to violate
    * * *
    = be in violation of, breach, violate, rape, infringe (on/upon).
    Ex. A 'self-help' approach, whereby libraries cooperate to boycott periodical publishers who are considered to be culpable, may also be in violation of antitrust legislation.
    Ex. He defends the right to breach voluntary codes of practice so long as they are within the laws passed by country, state and city.
    Ex. Women who self-promote may suffer social reprisals for violating gender prescriptions to be modest.
    Ex. The second case involved a complaint by a woman claiming that she had been raped by Boston Celtics rookie, Marcus Smith, just after he broke off their three month relationship.
    Ex. The Act undoubtedly has the potential to infringe gravely upon the civil liberties of UK citizens.
    ----
    * violar la intimidad = invade + privacy.
    * violar los derechos = invade + rights.
    * violar una ley = violate + law, break + the law, be in breach of + law.
    * violar un derecho = infringe + right, violate + right.
    * violar un principio = violate + principle.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) < persona> to rape
    b) < ley> to violate, break; <tratado/derecho> to violate; < templo> to violate
    * * *
    = be in violation of, breach, violate, rape, infringe (on/upon).

    Ex: A 'self-help' approach, whereby libraries cooperate to boycott periodical publishers who are considered to be culpable, may also be in violation of antitrust legislation.

    Ex: He defends the right to breach voluntary codes of practice so long as they are within the laws passed by country, state and city.
    Ex: Women who self-promote may suffer social reprisals for violating gender prescriptions to be modest.
    Ex: The second case involved a complaint by a woman claiming that she had been raped by Boston Celtics rookie, Marcus Smith, just after he broke off their three month relationship.
    Ex: The Act undoubtedly has the potential to infringe gravely upon the civil liberties of UK citizens.
    * violar la intimidad = invade + privacy.
    * violar los derechos = invade + rights.
    * violar una ley = violate + law, break + the law, be in breach of + law.
    * violar un derecho = infringe + right, violate + right.
    * violar un principio = violate + principle.

    * * *
    violar [A1 ]
    vt
    1 ‹persona› to rape, violate ( frml)
    2 ‹tratado/ley› to violate, break; ‹derecho› to violate; ‹espacio aéreo› to violate
    3 ‹templo› to violate
    * * *

     

    violar ( conjugate violar) verbo transitivo
    a) ‹ persona› to rape

    b) ‹ ley› to violate, break;

    ‹tratado/derecho› to violate;
    ‹ templo› to violate
    violar verbo transitivo
    1 (un contrato, ley, etc) to violate, infringe
    2 (a una persona) to rape
    ' violar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    atropellar
    - forzar
    - violentar
    - ley
    English:
    gang bang
    - infringe
    - rape
    - ravish
    - violate
    - breach
    - law
    * * *
    violar vt
    1. [persona] to rape
    2. [ley, derechos] to violate, to infringe;
    [domicilio] to break into
    * * *
    v/t
    1 rape
    2 derechos violate
    * * *
    violar vt
    1) : to rape
    2) : to violate (a law or right)
    3) profanar: to desecrate

    Spanish-English dictionary > violar

  • 5 organización

    f.
    1 organization, hierarchy, array, structure.
    2 institution, entity, organism, foundation.
    3 organizing.
    * * *
    1 organization
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    OPEP
    * * *
    femenino organization

    una organización sindical — a labor (AmE) o (BrE) trade union

    * * *
    femenino organization

    una organización sindical — a labor (AmE) o (BrE) trade union

    * * *
    organización1
    1 = establishment, organisation [organization, -USA], institution.

    Ex: Since BC adheres closely to the educational and scientific consensus, BC found most favour with libraries in educational establishments.

    Ex: The author of a document is the person or organisation responsible for its creation.
    Ex: The distinction between 'societies' and 'institutions' lies at the heart of the code.
    * Comité de las Organizaciones = Committee of Agricultural Producer Organizations (COPA).
    * comportamiento de las organizaciones = organisational behaviour.
    * comunicación dentro de una organización = organisational communication.
    * conducta de las organizaciones = organisational behaviour.
    * OPEC, la [Organización de Países Exportadores de Petróleo] = OPEC [Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries].
    * organigrama de una organización = organisation chart.
    * organización afiliada = sister organisation.
    * organización agraria = agricultural organisation.
    * organización a la que pertenece = parent organisation.
    * organización benéfica = aid agency, aid organisation.
    * organización cívica = community organisation.
    * Organización Cultural, Científica y Educativa de las Naciones Unidas (UNESCO = UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization).
    * organización de voluntariado = voluntary body, voluntary agency, voluntary organisation.
    * organización empresarial = business organisation.
    * organización intergubernamental (OIG) = intergovernmental organisation (IGO).
    * organización internacional = international organisation.
    * Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT) = International Labour Organisation (ILO).
    * Organización Internacional de Normalización = ISO.
    * organización mafiosa = crime syndicate.
    * organización miembro de una asociación = partner organisation.
    * Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) = World Health Organisation (WHO).
    * Organización Mundial para el Comercio = World Trade Organization (WTO).
    * Organización para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO) = FAO (Food and Agriculture Organisation).
    * Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE) = Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).
    * organización que actúa en representación de otras = umbrella organisation.
    * OTAN (Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte) = NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation).
    * una pieza más en la organización = a cog in the wheel, a cog in the machine.
    * uno más de tantos en la organización = a cog in the wheel, a cog in the machine.

    organización2
    2 = logistics, map, mapping, organisational setting, organising [organizing, -USA], setup [set-up], organisation [organization, -USA], work organisation, staging, set-up, structuring, implementation.

    Ex: Donald P Hammer, Executive Secretary of LITA, and Dorothy Butler, the Division's Administrative Secretary, handled all of the administrative details, arrangements, and logistics.

    Ex: A detailed study of a co-citation map, its core documents' citation patterns and the related journal structures, is presented.
    Ex: Recently, proponents of co-citation cluster analysis have claimed that in principle their methodology makes possible the mapping of science using the data in the Science Citation Index.
    Ex: Many students, after working with cases, have testified to the help they received in developing a clearer concept of the dynamics of human relationships in organizational settings.
    Ex: No course on management would be complete without articulating the principles of management (i.e., planning, organizing, staffing, directing, controlling).
    Ex: 'You know,' she had said amiably, 'there might be a better job for you here once things get rolling with this new regional setup'.
    Ex: This article discusses the history of the organisation of readers' camps for students of secondary schools in Slovakia which dates back to 1979.
    Ex: Quality of Work Life (QWL) can be defined as 'the degree to which members of a work organisation are able to satisfy important personal needs through their experiences in the organisation'.
    Ex: The author describes the success of a library in staging a series of music concerts as a public relations exercise.
    Ex: Areas of particular concern are: equipment set-up and use; helping develop search strategies, logon/logoff procedures; and emergency assistance when things go wrong.
    Ex: There are also suggestions for rules for structuring corporate body names.
    Ex: This software is important to the further implementation of the record format, especially in developing countries.
    * conocimientos básicos de búsqueda, recuperación y organización de la informa = information literacy.
    * desorganización = disorganisation [disorganization, -USA].
    * metaorganización = meta-organisation.
    * modelo de organización = organisational scheme.
    * organización bibliográfica = bibliographic organisation.
    * organización bibliotecaria = library organisation.
    * organización del trabajo = workflow [work flow], working arrangement.
    * organización de materias = subject organisation.
    * organización horizontal = flat organisation, horizontal organisation.
    * organización interna = organisational structure.
    * organización laboral = job structuring.
    * reorganización = respacing.
    * una organización de = a pattern of.

    * * *
    1 (acción) organization
    2 (agrupación, institución) organization
    una organización ecologista an ecological organization
    una organización sindical a labor ( AmE) o ( BrE) trade union
    organización de bienestar social welfare organization
    Compuestos:
    Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
    World Intellectual Property Organization
    World Trade Organization
    * * *

     

    organización sustantivo femenino
    organization
    organización sustantivo femenino
    1 organization: la organización del concierto fue un desastre, the concert was disastrously organized
    2 (asociación) organization
    Organización No Gubernamental (ONG), Non-Governmental Organization (NGO)
    ' organización' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    adherirse
    - aparato
    - desactivar
    - endosar
    - entrar
    - escala
    - F.A.O.
    - INTERPOL
    - lucro
    - mafiosa
    - mafioso
    - ONG
    - OTAN
    - OUA
    - sede
    - seno
    - terrorista
    - adhesión
    - articulación
    - barón
    - boda
    - caritativo
    - correr
    - cuadro
    - cúspide
    - depurar
    - disolución
    - disolver
    - emplear
    - entidad
    - funcionario
    - infiltrar
    - ingresar
    - ingreso
    - integrar
    - jerarquía
    - marina
    - miembro
    - obra
    - ONCE
    - ONU
    - permanencia
    - pertenencia
    - programación
    - radio
    - remodelación
    - remodelar
    - renovación
    - renovar
    - representar
    English:
    base
    - charitable
    - charity
    - disband
    - entrance
    - Interpol
    - join
    - lead
    - motto
    - NATO
    - NGO
    - nonprofit
    - organization
    - outfit
    - patron
    - picketing
    - PLO
    - policy
    - reshape
    - service
    - set-up
    - shake up
    - show
    - start
    - superintendent
    - system
    - top-heavy
    - trust
    - umbrella organisation
    - voluntary organization
    - watchdog
    - credit
    - in-house
    - insider
    - second
    - syndicate
    - united
    * * *
    1. [orden] organization
    2. [organismo] organization;
    las organizaciones sindicales the trade o US labor unions
    organización de ayuda humanitaria humanitarian aid organization;
    organización benéfica charity, charitable organization;
    organización de consumidores consumer organization;
    Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development;
    Organización de Estados Americanos Organization of American States;
    Organización Internacional de Normalización International Standards Organization;
    Organización Internacional del Trabajo International Labour Organization;
    Organización para la Liberación de Palestina Palestine Liberation Organization;
    Organización Mundial del Comercio World Trade Organization;
    Organización Mundial de la Salud World Health Organization;
    Organización de las Naciones Unidas United Nations Organization;
    organización no gubernamental non-governmental organization;
    Organización de Países Exportadores de Petróleo Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries;
    Organización para la Seguridad y Cooperación en Europa Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe;
    Organización para la Unidad Africana Organization of African Unity;
    Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte North Atlantic Treaty Organization
    * * *
    f organization
    * * *
    organización nf, pl - ciones : organization
    * * *
    organización n organization

    Spanish-English dictionary > organización

  • 6 добровольность

    voluntariness, voluntary participation / membership

    Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > добровольность

  • 7 добровольность

    1) General subject: voluntariness, voluntary participation/involvement (например, принцип добровольности (в отношении добровольного согласия пациентов - principle of patients' voluntary involvement)
    3) Business: gratuitousness

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > добровольность

  • 8 начало

    с.
    1) (исходная точка, фаза) beginning, start; commencement книжн.

    с са́мого нача́ла — from the (very) outset, from the first, right from the start

    с нача́ла своего́ существова́ния — from the very first days of its existence, since it came into existence

    с нача́ла до конца́ — from (the) beginning to (the) end; from start to finish разг.

    в нача́ле ма́я — early in May, in early May

    в нача́ле го́да — at the beginning of the year

    до нача́ла зимы́ — before winter comes [sets in]

    в нача́ле тре́тьего — soon after two

    2) ( источник) origin, source

    брать нача́ло (в пр.) — originate (in), spring (from)

    3) чаще мн. (принцип, основа) principle; basis (pl bases)

    нача́ла фи́зики — the basics / fundamentals of physics

    на доброво́льных нача́лах — on a voluntary basis, voluntarily

    на но́вых нача́лах — on a new basis

    организу́ющее нача́ло — organizing principle

    ••

    для нача́ла — to begin with; for a start; for starters разг.

    положи́ть нача́ло (дт.) — start (d), begin (d), initiate (d); mark the beginning of smth

    положи́ть хоро́шее нача́ло — make a good start

    положи́ть нача́ло но́вой э́ре — mark the dawn of [usher in] a new era

    быть под нача́лом у кого́-л — be under smb's command / supervision, be subordinate to smb

    служи́ть под чьим-л нача́лом — report to smb's command

    лиха́ беда́ нача́ло разг. — ≈ the first step is the hardest

    до́брое нача́ло полде́ла откача́ло погов. — ≈ a good beginning makes a good ending, a good beginning is half the battle

    Новый большой русско-английский словарь > начало

  • 9 принцип добровільності

    voluntarilyism, principle of voluntary participation

    Українсько-англійський юридичний словник > принцип добровільності

  • 10 जीव _jīva

    जीव a. [जीव्-कर्तरि क] Living, existing; जीवपुत्रे निवर्तस्व Rām.4.19.11; असच्च सज्जीवमजीवमन्यत् Bhāg.5.1.12.
    -वः 1 The principle of life, the vital breath, life, soul; गतजीव, जीवत्याग, जीवाशा &c.
    -2 The individual or personal soul enshrined in the human body and im- parting to it life, motion and sensation (called जीवात्मन् as opposed to परमात्मन् the Supreme Soul); Y.3.131; Ms.12.22-23; सम्पद्यते गुणैर्मुक्तो जीवो जीवं विहाय माम् । जीवो जीवविनिर्मुक्तो गुणैश्चाशयसंभवैः ॥ Bhāg.11.25.36. (here जीव = लिङ्गशरीर).
    -3 Life, existence.
    -4 A creature, living being.
    -5 Livelihood, profession.
    -6 N. of Karṇa.
    -7 N. of one of the Maruts.
    -8 The constella- tion पुष्य.
    -9 N. of Bṛihaspati.
    -1 The third lustrum in the cycle of Jupiter.
    -11 Association of cause and effect.
    -12 N. of Viṣṇu.
    -Comp. -अन्तकः 1 a bird- catcher, fowler.
    -2 a murderer, slayer.
    -अजीवाधारः the world of organic and inorganic creation.
    -आत्मन् m. the individual soul enshrined in the human body (as opposed to परमात्मन् 'the Supreme Soul').
    -आदानम् abstracting healthy blood, bleeding (in medic.).
    -आधानम् preservation of life.
    -आधारः the heart.
    -इन्धनम् glowing fire-wood, burning wood.
    -उत्सर्गः 'casting off life,' voluntary death, suicide.
    -उपाधिः the three states, i. e. waking, dreaming and sleeping.
    -ऊर्णा the wool of a living animal.
    -कोशः The subtle body (लिङ्गशरीर);. तदनुस्मर<णध्वस्तजीवकोशास्तमध्ययन् Bhāg. 1.82.48.
    -गृहम्, -मन्दिरम् 'the abode of the soul', the body.
    -ग्राहः a prisoner taken alive;
    -ग्राहम् ind. in an alive condition; जीवग्राहं निगृह्णीमो वयमेनं नराधिपाः Mb.6.77.1.
    -घनः Brahmā.
    -ज a. born alive.
    -जीवः, -जीवकः (also जीवंजीवः) the Chakora bird; रक्तानि हृत्वा वासांसि जायते जीवजीवकः Ms.12.66. According to Artha- śāstra, however, it means a pheasant; विषाभ्याशे ग्लायति जीवंजीवकः । चकोरस्याक्षिणी विरज्येते Kau. A.1.2.17.
    -तोका a woman whose children are living.
    -दः 1 a physician.
    -2 an enemy.
    -दशा mortal existence.
    -धनम् 'living wealth', property in the shape of living crea- tures, live-stock.
    -धानी the earth.
    -निकायः a being endowed with life.
    -पतिः f.,
    -पत्नी a woman whose husband is alive.
    -पत्रम् a fresh leaf.
    -पितृ, -पितृक a. (a son or daughter) whose father is still alive.
    -पुत्रा, -वत्सा a woman whose son is living; जीवपुत्रे निवर्तस्व पुत्रं रक्षस्व चाङ्गदम् Rām.4.19.11.
    -मन्दिरम् The body; L. D. B.
    -मरणम् Death in life; जीवन्मरण- मेतद् इति कौटिल्यः Kau. A.1.17.
    -मातृका the seven mothers or female divinities; (कुमारी धनदा नन्दा विमला मङ्गला बला । पद्मा चेति च विख्याताः सप्तैता जीवमातृकाः ॥).
    -योनिः a sentient being.
    -रक्तम् menstrual blood.
    -लोकः 1 the world of living beings, the world of mortals, the world or worldly existence; आलोकमर्कादिव जीवलोकः R.5.35; त्वत्प्रयाणे शान्तालोकः सर्वतो जीवलोकः Māl. 9.37; जीवलोकतिलकः प्रलीयते 21; so स्वप्नेन्द्रजालसदृशः खलु जीवलोकः Śānti.2.2; Bg.11.7; U.4.17.
    -2 living beings; दिवस इवाभ्रश्यामस्तपात्यये जीवलोकस्य Ś.3.12; or आलोकमर्कादिव जीवलोकः R.5.35.
    -वृत्तिः f. breeding or keeping cattle.
    -शेष a. one to whom only life is left, escaping only with life and nothing more.
    -शोणितम् living, i. e. healthy blood.
    -संक्रमणम् transmigration of the soul.
    -साधनम् grain, corn.
    -साफल्यम् realization or attainment of the chief end of human existence.
    -सूः 'the mother of living beings', a woman whose children are living.
    -स्थानम् 1 a joint, an articulation.
    -2 the vital parts, heart.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > जीव _jīva

  • 11 начало

    с.
    1. beginning, commencement

    с самого начала — from the (very) outset, from the first, right from the start

    с начала своего существования — from the very first days of its existence, since it came into existence

    с начала до конца — from (the) beginning to (the) end; from start to finish разг.

    в начале мая — at the beginning of May, early in May

    до начала зимы — before winter comes, или sets in

    2. мн. (принцип, основа) principles; basis (pl. bases) sg.

    на добровольных началах — on a voluntary basis, voluntarily

    3. ( источник) origin, source

    брать начало (в пр.) — originate (in), spring* (from)

    ♢ положить начало чему-л. — start smth., begin* smth., commence smth., initiate smth.; mark the beginning of smth.

    быть под началом у кого-л. — be under smb.'s command / supervision, be subordinate to smb.

    доброе начало полдела откачало погов. — a good beginning makes a good ending, a good beginning is half the battle

    Русско-английский словарь Смирнитского > начало

  • 12 начало

    с
    1) первый момент ( или моменты) beginning, start; войны, эпидемии и т. п. outbreak

    в нача́ле ме́сяца — at the beginning of the month

    в нача́ле зимы́ — in early winter

    с са́мого нача́ла — from the very beginning, from the start/outset

    от нача́ла до конца́ — from beginning to end

    2) источник origin, source

    брать нача́ло — to spring/to stem from, to originate in/from

    в нача́ле о́череди — at the head of the queue/AE line

    3) принцип basis, principle(s)

    на доброво́льных нача́лах — on a voluntary basis sg

    э́та организа́ция рабо́тает на обще́ственных нача́лах — this is a public/non-profit-making/AE non-profit organization

    •
    - дать начало
    - для начала
    - под началом
    - хорошее начало полдела откачало

    Русско-английский учебный словарь > начало

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